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Contracts And Agreements In Forex Trading: Best Practices From Tennessee Attorneys – According to data from the Bank for International Settlements (BIS), the global foreign exchange market is the world’s largest with more than US$5 trillion traded every day. However, the foreign exchange market is not the only way for investors and traders to participate in foreign exchange. Although not as large as the foreign exchange market, his daily average of the currency futures market is quite large, close to $100 billion.
Currency futures (futures contracts where the underlying commodity is an exchange rate) provide access to foreign exchange markets in a similar environment to other futures contracts. Figure 1 (below) shows the price chart of one of his many currency futures contracts.
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Figure 1. An example of a currency futures price chart. In this case, a EUR/US dollar futures contract. Image by Sabrina Jean © 2021
Foreign Exchange Market
Currency futures, also known as foreign exchange futures or foreign exchange futures, are exchange trading futures contracts to buy or sell a specified amount of a specific currency at a set price and date in the future. Currency futures were introduced on the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (now his CME Group) in 1972, shortly after the fixed exchange rate regime and the gold standard were abolished. As with other futures products, standard expiration dates are traded in contract months, typically the third Wednesday of March, June, September, and December.
A wide variety of currency futures contracts are available. In addition to popular trades such as EUR/USD (Euro/USD currency futures), there are also E-Micro foreign exchange futures and emerging market currencies that trade at 1/10th the size of regular currency futures. Pairs such as PLN/USD (Polish zloty/US dollar futures contract) and RUB/USD (Russian ruble/US dollar futures contract).
Different contracts trade with varying degrees of liquidity. For example, the daily trading volume for the EUR/USD contract is 400,000 contracts, compared to 33 contracts for emerging markets like BRL/USD (Brazilian Real/US Dollar).
Unlike foreign exchange, where contracts are traded through currency brokers, currency futures are traded on exchanges that provide centralized pricing and clearing regulations. The market price for currency futures contracts is relatively the same no matter which broker you use. CME Group offers 49 currency futures contracts with over $100 billion in daily liquidity, making it the world’s largest regulated currency futures market. Smaller exchanges exist around the world, such as NYSE Euronext, Tokyo Financial Exchange (TFX), and Brazilian Commodity Futures Exchange (BM&F).
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Traders and investors are attracted to highly liquid markets. Because these markets offer better opportunities to make profits. Emerging markets typically have very low trading volumes and liquidity, so they need to gain traction before competing with other established contracts. G10 contracts, E-mini, and E-Micro contracts are the most heavily traded and have the highest liquidity. Figure 2 (below) shows some of the most popular currency futures contracts and their specifications.
Futures contracts, including currency futures, must include specifications such as contract size, minimum price increment, and corresponding tick value. These specifications help traders determine position sizing and account requirements, as well as potential profits or losses from various price movements within a contract, as shown in Figure 2.
EUR/US For example, in a dollar contract, the minimum price increment is 0.0001 and the corresponding tick value is $12.50. This shows that for every 0.0001 change in price, the value of the contract changes by $12.50, and that value depends on the direction of the price change. For example, if a long trade was entered at 1.3958 and moved to 1.3959, that .0001 price change is worth to the trader he $12.50 (assuming there is one contract). If the same long trade moves to 1.3968, the price change is worth $125.00 ($12.50 X 10 ticks or pips).
There are two main ways to settle currency futures contracts. In most cases, buyers and sellers offset their original positions by taking opposite positions before the last trading day (which varies by contract). If the opposing position closes out before the last trading day, the profit or loss will be credited to or debited from the trader’s account.
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Less often, a contract is held until its expiration date, at which point the contract is settled in cash or physically delivered, depending on the specific contract and exchange. Most currency futures undergo a physical delivery process four times a year, on the third Wednesday of March, June, September, and December. Only a small number of currency futures contracts are settled by physical delivery of foreign exchange between buyers and sellers. If a currency futures contract is held to expiration and physically settled, the appropriate exchange and participant are each obligated to complete delivery.
For example, CME is responsible for establishing banking facilities in the United States and in each country represented by currency futures contracts. These agent banks act on behalf of CME and maintain U.S. dollar and foreign currency accounts to accommodate physical deliveries. Furthermore, futures contracts do not exist directly between customers (e.g., buyer and seller). Instead, each participant enters into a contract with a clearinghouse, which greatly reduces the risk to buyers and sellers that their counterparty will not meet the terms of the contract.
Buyers (participants holding long positions) arrange with their banks to pay dollars into a delivery account at the International Monetary Market (IMM), a division of CME. The IMM is also the account where payments are made to sellers (participants holding short positions). Foreign currency remittances are made in other countries as well. Essentially, the participant’s shipping bank transfers the currency to her IMM shipping account, and the IMM shipping account transfers the currency to the appropriate account.
Futures brokers, including those offering currency futures, must follow regulations enforced by regulators such as the Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) and the National Futures Association (NFA), as well as rules established by exchanges. yeah. For example, CME Group, the world’s largest futures exchange, ensures the fulfillment of its self-regulatory obligations through its Market Regulation Division, including protecting market integrity by maintaining fair, efficient, competitive and transparent markets. doing. Currency futures markets are subject to much more scrutiny than spot foreign exchange markets and are sometimes criticized for reasons such as decentralized pricing and foreign exchange brokers trading against their customers.
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Currency futures are futures traded on exchanges. Traders typically have an account with a broker that sends orders to various exchanges to buy and sell currency futures contracts. Margin accounts are typically used for trading currency futures. Otherwise, you will need a large amount of cash to conduct the transaction. In a margin account, a trader borrows funds from a broker to make trades. The funds are typically a multiplier of the account’s actual cash value.
Purchasing power refers to the amount of money in your margin account that is available for trading. Different brokers have different requirements for margin accounts. Currency futures accounts generally allow for a fairly modest degree of margin (leverage) when compared to forex accounts, which can offer leverage as high as 400:1. The generous margin rates of many Forex accounts offer traders the opportunity to make impressive profits, but they are more likely to suffer catastrophic losses.
Currency futures and foreign exchange are both based on foreign exchange rates. However, there are many differences between the two.
Investors and traders interested in participating in the foreign exchange market have options. Forex and currency futures offer traders a unique means of hedging or speculating. Currency futures markets are similar to other futures markets, providing participants with a more regulated and transparent way to enter the foreign exchange market.
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